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Chloroquine (brand names include: Aralen / Avloclor / Cadiquin / Chlorquin / Delagil / Emquin / Lagaquin / Malaquin / Malarex / Malarivon / Nivaquine / Resochin) is a drug of the aminoquinoline class.

Chloroquine is best known as a drug effective for the prevention as well as treatment of malaria. It is also used for the treatment of extraintestinal amebiasis.





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The radiosensitizing and chemosensitizing properties of chloroquine are beginning to be exploited in anticancer strategies in humans.[6][7] Taking medicine Side effects of chloroquine include: Taking chloroquine with meals may help you avoid an upset stomach. Side effects may go away after you take the medicine for a while. Hemozoin formation in P. falciparum: many antimalarials are strong inhibitors of hemozoin crystal growth. Nausea or diarrhea. Chloroquine-induced itching is very common among black Africans (70%), but much less common in other races. It increases with age, and is so severe as to stop compliance with drug therapy. It is increased during malaria fever; its severity is correlated to the malaria parasite load in blood. Some evidence indicates it has a genetic basis and is related to chloroquine action with opiate receptors centrally or peripherally.[12] http://edmedics.net/frblg/achat-clomid/#clomid-bodybuilding-dosage
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Chloroquine has a very high volume of distribution, as it diffuses into the body's adipose tissue. Chloroquine and related quinines have been associated with cases of retinal toxicity, particularly when provided at higher doses for longer times. Accumulation of the drug may result in deposits that can lead to blurred vision and blindness. With long-term doses, routine visits to an ophthalmologist are recommended. Another serious side effect is toxicity to the eye (specifically, central serous retinopathy). This only occurs with long-term use over many years. Patients on long-term chloroquine therapy should be screened at baseline and every five years.[13] The daily safe maximum doses for eye toxicity can be computed from one's height and weight using this calculator.[14] Chloroquine can also be used to prevent and treat P. falciparum and P. vivax infections in areas where drug resistance to chloroquine has not been confirmed. These areas include Central America, the Caribbean, and parts of the Middle East.2 Other parts of the world have confirmed resistance to chloroquine. [edit] Chloroquine was discovered in 1934 by Hans Andersag and coworkers at the Bayer laboratories, who named it "Resochin".[1] It was ignored for a decade because it was considered too toxic for human use. During World War II, United States government-sponsored clinical trials for antimalarial drug development showed unequivocally that chloroquine has a significant therapeutic value as an antimalarial drug. It was introduced into clinical practice in 1947 for the prophylactic treatment of malaria.[2]
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Uses Chloroquine is the most effective medicine for preventing and treating a malaria infection caused by P. ovale, P. malariae, or P. knowlesi parasites. Another serious side effect is toxicity to the eye (specifically, central serous retinopathy). This only occurs with long-term use over many years. Patients on long-term chloroquine therapy should be screened at baseline and every five years.[13] The daily safe maximum doses for eye toxicity can be computed from one's height and weight using this calculator.[14] Headaches. All medicines have side effects. But many people don't feel the side effects, or they are able to deal with them. Ask your pharmacist about the side effects of each medicine you take. Side effects are also listed in the information that comes with your medicine. Other studies suggest quite the opposite, with chloroquine being a potent inhibitor of interferons and enhancer of viral replication.[21] Chloroquine is also a lysosomotropic agent, meaning it accumulates preferentially in the lysosomes of cells in the body. The pKa for the quinoline nitrogen of chloroquine is 8.5, meaning it is about 10% deprotonated at physiological pH as calculated by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. This decreases to about 0.2% at a lysosomal pH of 4.6. Because the deprotonated form is more membrane-permeable than the protonated form, a quantitative "trapping" of the compound in lysosomes results. (A quantitative treatment of this phenomenon involves the pKas of all nitrogens in the molecule; this treatment, however, suffices to show the principle.)
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Against rheumatoid arthritis, it operates by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation, phospholipase A2[disambiguation needed], antigen presentation in dendritic cells, release of enzymes from lysosomes, release of reactive oxygen species from macrophages, and production of IL-1. During this process, the parasite release the toxic and soluble molecule heme. The heme moiety consists of a porphyrin ring called Fe(II)-protoporphyrin IX (FP). To avoid destruction by this molecule, the parasite biocrystallizes heme to form hemozoin, a nontoxic molecule. Hemozoin collects in the digestive vacuole as insoluble crystals. Swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

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Usually the benefits of the medicine are more important than any minor side effects. Side Effects Other studies suggest quite the opposite, with chloroquine being a potent inhibitor of interferons and enhancer of viral replication.[21] [edit] [edit] Against rheumatoid arthritis, it operates by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation, phospholipase A2[disambiguation needed], antigen presentation in dendritic cells, release of enzymes from lysosomes, release of reactive oxygen species from macrophages, and production of IL-1. Malaria prevention