The Earth where we live

The basis of our life is water,
and the Earth’s drinking water reserves are sufficient for only 50 years!

There is no life without water!

         The first concerns about the Earth’s fresh-water reserves were formulated in 1977, in Argentina on a Water Conference organized by the UN (United Nations).
The next meeting of this subject was the Dublin Conference in 1992, which established that the Earth’s fresh-water reserves are limited and humanity wastes it. The participants, in the interest of protecting fresh water, formulated an urgent program of action.
According to our contemporary knowledge, in our solar system there is water only on Earth. The Earth water resources are around 26 600 million km3, but much of this is bound in the rocks of lithosphere. In the hydrosphere there is only 1 413 million km3. That’s not too huge quantity is the one which is available to mankind and can be saved.
The biggest part of this water, however, is in seas and oceans.There can be found 2 per cent in the captivity of polar ice and snow, and only 1 per cent in rivers and lakes.
The water which is found in the atmosphere has importance in our everyday life primarily, because the rainfall comes from this place. The quantity of rain, snow and perhaps ice is around 450 000 km3 annually. The water resources of the atmosphere is exchanged 37 times on average yearly. The rainfall got to the ground mostly gets back to the airspace by evaporation, 1-2 per cent of it feeds the groundwaters.
The water resource of hydrosphere:

Pictures of Earth’s water

Water resource of Hungary

Hungary lies in the Carpathian Basin and is crossed by big rivers. It’s territory is 93 000 km2 and almost half of it, 43 000 km2, lies on rivers’ flood area.

Hungary’s rivers:
The biggest of Hungary’s 18 rivers:

Hungary’s lakes:
The biggest lakes are the Lake Balaton and the Velencei-lake. The largest part of the Lake Fertő doesn’t lie on Hungarian territory. The Tisza-lake is a reservoir formed of the River Tisza’s bed-swelling up.

Pictures of waters in Hungary

          Lake Balaton                                          Szalajka-valley

River Tisza                                               River Danube              

Lake Tisza                                      Lake Velencei

Water for the humanity is a question of vital importance and we don’t protect it sufficiently, we don’t take care of it and we even waste it without restraint!

1.)   Topicality of our product

            We increasingly have to pay attention to the use of drinking water and specialists have to find proper solutions because there is limited drinking water supplies on all continents of the Earth.
The USA and England in the years of 1990-‘95 had examination done by water management experts in the interest of sparing drinking water. In the reflects of the results they established:
- the majority of drinking water consumers are the local residents and the communal consumers,
            - in the case of the services’ utilizators, the toilet bowl is the main consumer of drinking water (in the USA 49 %, in England 46 % of the consumption is caused by these machines).

            Such a degree of drinking water used for medical porpose is not dischargable as for this porpose there is nowhere developed another water system which can work with industrial water. Considering the results of the examination, in England they decided that from 01.10.1998. they will continuously replace the former big water user devices with the ones which use only 4-6 litre of drinking water per flushing. Since at that time there was no such product or manufacturer, everything remained unchanged.

2.)   The modernity and the area of use of our patented product

            It is well-known that in the last 50-60 years in the area of toilet flushing devices there were a lot of people who tried all sorts of methods and used several solutions in the interest of water-sparing. Considering the methods of functioning these can be grouped by the following:

A.)   Open and closed tank solutions:
They work in gravitational way. Their system works with a so called „dropping tank” which uses at least 6-9 litres of water per flushing, apart from the pressure of the water system. In addition to the big water consumption it is also noisy, the system is in contact with water therefore it corrodes really quickly. In their system because of the sealing error of the locking valve there can be overflow, flats can leak, against which we have to defend ourselves by taking out insurance.

B.)   Valve system solutions:
They rely solely on mains pressure, for which a separately planned and formed mains cross section is necessary.Their output depends on the temporary pressure in the system. In the case of sudden closings there happen noisy bangs at the further valves.

C.)   Appliances based on closed air-cauldron system:
            These devices which are used as building engineering equipments, are just slightly spread. This system also can only be regarded as a basic type, whereas from the traditionally executed air-cauldron during normal usage, at regular intervals the function provider air cushion runs out, and it can’t be supplied in the normal execution. When there is no more air cushion, it’s performance falls only because of the mains pressure of the water flowing through the equipment.

D.)   Our patented equipment:
            The modernity of our developed, patented product pending the introduction is the following:
- Our appliance has such internal design the system of which includes those conditions and interactions of the combined gas law with the result of which there is not necessary to have an internal moving part for functioning.
- The device automatically does the air replacement which is necessary for its operation, but its quantity decreases during the flushing.
- The device operates as a water-transformer, whereas apart from the decrease of  mains pressure (also in case of the pressure’s decrease to 1,5 bar!) the flushing is effective.      - The product pending the introduction is not limited in scope of use:
- it’s suitable for toilet flushing of houses and industrial structured buildings                   too,
- it also fits to equalize the mains pressure in case of users of water in large                      amounts.
- Based on its water-sparing, with this toilet flushing device’s distribution, building in and general use in population, significant results can be achieved in reducing water use.

3.)   The advantages of using appliances based on air-cauldron system

            The flushing can be effective only with the use of large amount of water or with the help of water in less amount but with higher kinetic energy. Devices with air-cauldron system use this latter solution, hereby they can operate in water-sparing mode.

A.) The operation method and problems of air-cauldron-based devices using the former solution

            The Fig.1. shows the theoretical character graph of the formerly solved air-cauldron’s water output.
Before opening the regulating valve the appliance’s water output capacity is by the 1. value, which because of the internal air cushion is higher than the water system’s  water output capacity by the 2. value.
At the opening of the waste-valve the air cushion’s pressure gradually decreases, therefore by the 3. curve the device’s water output capacity gradually decreases to the water system’s water output capacity by the 2. value. After closing the waste-valve water is impressed from the system – in consequence of its pressure - to the tank of the device, hereby the device’s water output capacity increases by the 4. curve. Whereas, during the flushing from the tank there air will leave too with the outflowing water – since air dissolves in water – therefore in a new flushing the remaining air won’t provide the same water output capacity, the 4. curve won’t reach the water output capacity by the 1. value.
            The air consumption will proceed in every flushing (the air-cauldron’s efficiency decreases by flushings), therefore the operator air in the tank will come to an end after 100-300 flushing.

From that point the traditional air-cauldron-based device’s water output capacity can be altogether by the 2. value of the water system. From now on the air-cauldron won’t fulfil its function it was created for.

B.)   The operating principle of our advanced, patented air-cauldron-based appliance

            The Fig.2. shows the theoretical character graph of our improved device’s water output.
(For the quick understanding of our device’s character graph the numbering of Fig.1. remained unchanged and we completed respectively.)

Our improved appliance eliminates the airloss error of the earlier devices’ internal air cushion.
            At the opening of its waste-valve the air closed into the device’s tank will also provide a higher water output capacity (by the 1. value) compared to the water system’s water output capacity by the 2. value. However in our device at the opening a built-in unit – which is the essence of the patent – also starts to operate (5.curve), as a consequence of this the water output capacity will decrease more slowly by the 6.curve. After the closing of the waste-valve the pressure of the water system will press water to the tank, therefore its water output capacity will increase by the 4.curve. Since by the device during the flushing the amount of the air leaving with the flushing-water is supplied with intake of air, the water output capacity will reach again the original 1. value. For the next flushing the device is ready again with complete water output capacity. According to the measurings, it’s also typical of the device that 10-15 s after the closing it’s ready again for flushing. The device’s system is self-regulating, its efficiency sets automatically to the optimum and this optimum-point adapts itself to the current mains pressure of the water network.

C.)   Further advantages of our improved air-cauldron-based appliance

1.) The device doesn’t requires maintenance.
2.) It works with permeable-valve.
3.) The material of the permeable-valve and the accessories is plastic, of the tank is corrosion-proof steel.
4.) The tank can be made of plastic too.
5.) The flushing works with a waste-valve which can be opened in its whole cross section, so its permeability is maximum, therefore it uses only 3,5 – 4,5 litres of water per flushing, hich serves the strict european demands.
6.) The flushing device’s production and installation costs together – counted with hungarian prices – don’t exceed the previously known and used other flushing devices’ costs.
7.) It can replace the old tanks but also can be installed as new in knowledge of attaching points.
8.) It reduces the capacity requirements for utilities in proportion to the amount of spared water.
9.) The load of water cleaning works and sewerage system is reduced by the amount of spared water.

D.)   The available water-sparing by our improved air-cauldron-based appliance

The following water-sparing can be reached by our patented device. We considered in calculation: 1.000.000 homes, the water consumption of the old and new designed air-cauldron-based appliances, 4 persons per flat and 4 small and 2 big usage per day.

1.) In case of the old type devices: small usage 6 litres/flushing, big usage 9 litres/flushing.
Annual water consumption in flats with old devices:
4 persons x ( 4 x 6 litres + 2 x 9 litres ) x 365 day = 61.320 litres = 61,32 m3

2.) In case of our new device: small usage 1,5 litres/flushing, big usage 4 litres/flushing.
Annual water consumption per flats:
4 persons x ( 4 x 1,5 litres + 2 x 4 litres ) x 365 day = 20.440 litres = 20,44 m3

3.) Annual water sparings per flats: 61,32 m3 - 20,44 m3 = 40,88 m3

4.) Annual sparings in case of 1.000.000 flats: ( 61,32 m3 - 20,44 m3 ) x 1.000.000 = 40.880.000  m3 drinking water

An Olympic swimming pool volume of 2,500 m3, so that this quantity is 16,352 pieces fill a swimming pool!

"SAVE DRINKING WATER, CONSCIOUSLY LIMIT THE USE OF IT BECAUSE THE EXISTENCE OF OUR SUCCESSORS DEPENDS ON IT!”      

"TAKARÉKOSKODJ AZ IVÓVÍZZEL, TUDATOSAN KORLÁTOZD A FELHASZNÁLÁSÁT, MERT UTÓDAINK LÉTE FÜGG TŐLE!"