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Objective Daybreak Axis have to Steal a tank, use it to breach the allied base entrance then infiltrate to the rocket base. They then have to get a keycard for the explosives storage & and bring 5 TNT charges to the rocket, in order to blow it Hits: 5 Total Maps: 85
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Ovi
Neornithes
Birds Guide
Neornithes
Neornithes
The sub-class that contains all modern birds.
Unresolved and basal forms
†Apatornis (Smoky Hill Chalk Late
Cretaceous of Twin Butte Creek, USA) - anseriform?
†Ceramornis (Lance Creek Late Cretaceous)
- charadriiform?
†"Cimolopteryx" (Lance Creek Late
Cretaceous) - charadriiform?
†Gallornis (Late Cretaceous of Haţeg
Basin, Romania) - phoenicopteriform or galliform
†Lonchodytes (Lance Creek Late Cretaceous
of Wyoming, USA) - gaviiform?/procellariiform,
pelecaniform?
†Neornithes incerta sedis AMNH 25272 (Lance
Creek Late Cretaceous of Converse County, USA) -
phalacrocoracid?
†Palintropus (Lance Creek Late
Cretaceous) - quercymegapodiid or charadriform
†Teviornis (Nemegt Late Cretaceous of S
Mongolia) - presbyornithid?
†Torotix (Late Cretaceous) -
pelecaniform, charadriiform, procellariform or
phoeniopteriform
†UCMP 117598 (Hell Creek Late Cretaceous of Bug
Creek West, USA)
†UCMP 117599 (Hell Creek Late Cretaceous of Bug
Creek West, USA) - anseriform?
†UCMP 143274 (Lance Creek Late Cretaceous of
Niobrara County, USA) - psittaciform?
†Laornis
(Late Cretaceous?)
†Volgavis (Early Palaeocene of Volgograd,
Russia) - charadriiform?
†Argillipes (London Clay Early Eocene of
England) - galliform?
†Coturnipes (Early Eocene of England, and
Virginia, USA?) - galliform, falconiform?
†Neanis
(Early Eocene) - primobucconid, piciform?
†Neptuniavis (London Clay Early Eocene of
England) - pelagornithid or procellariid
†Onychopteryx (Early Eocene of Argentina)
†Paracathartes (Early Eocene of WC USA) -
lithornithiform?
†Percolinus (London Clay Early Eocene of
England) - galliform?
†"Green River Palaeognath" USNM 336103 (Green
River Early/Middle Eocene)
†Palaeopsittacus (Early - Middle Eocene
of NW Europe) - caprimulgiform (podargid?)
†Amitabha
(Bridger Middle Eocene of Forbidden City, USA)
†Hassiavis (Middle Eocene of Messel,
Germany) - archaeotrogonid, piciform?
†Protocypselomorphus (Middle Eocene of
Messel, Germany) - caprimulgiform, apodiform or
ancestral to both
†Eocathartes (Middle Eocene of Germany) -
cathartid?
†Ludiortyx (Montmartre Late Eocene of
Montmartre, France) - rallid, quercymegapodid?
†Petropluvialis (Late Eocene of England)
- may be same as Palaeopapia ; anseriform?
†"Phasianus" alfhildae (Washakie B Late
Eocene of Haystack Butte, USA) - gruiform,
ciconiiform, phoenicopteriform?
†Talantatos (Late Eocene of Paris Bain,
France) - gruiform?
†Telecrex (Irdin Manha Late Eocene of
Shara Murun, Mongolia) - meleagrid or gruiform
(rallid?)
†"Colymboides" anglicus (Late
Eocene/Early Oligocene of Hordwell, England) -
gaviiform? previously included in Palaeopapia
eous
†Agnopterus (Late Eocene - Late Oligocene
of Europe) - phoenicopteriform or anseriform,
includes Cygnopterus lambrechti
†Plesiocathartes (Late Eocene -? Early
Miocene of SW Europe) - cathartid, leptosomid?
†Botauroides (Eocene of Wyoming, USA)-
coliiform?
†Aminornis (Deseado Early Oligocene of
Rio Deseado, Argentina) - gruiform?
†Ciconiopsis (Deseado Early Oligocene of
Patagonia, Argentina) - ciconiid?
†Cruschedula (Deseado Early Oligocene of
Golfo San Jorge, Argentina) - accipitrid?
†"Headonornis hantoniensis" BMNH PAL 4989
(Hampstead Early Oligocene of Isle of Wight,
England) - formerly "Ptenornis" ; anseriform?
†Loncornis (Deseado Early Oligocene of
Rio Deseado, Argentina) - gruiform?
†Manu
(Early Oligocene of New Zealand) - diomedeid?
†Palaeocrex (Early Oligocene of Trigonias
Quarry, USA) - rallid?
†Palaeopapia (Hampstead Early Oligocene
of Isle of Wight, England) - anseriform?
†Paracygnopterus (Early Oligocene of
Belgium and England) - anatid?
†"Pararallus" hassenkampi (Sieblos
Dysodil Early Oligocene of Sieblos, Germany)
†Teracus (Early Oligocene of France)
†"Anas" creccoides (Early/Middle
Oligocene of Belgium) - anseriform?
†Limicorallus (Indricotherium Middle
Oligocene of Chelkar-Teniz, Kazakhstan) - anatid?
†Megagallinula (Indricotherium Middle
Oligocene of Chelkar-Teniz, Kazakhstan)
†"Palaeorallus" alienus (Middle Oligocene
of Tatal-Gol, Mongolia) - galliform?
†Gnotornis (Brule Late Oligocene of
Shannon County, USA)
†Tiliornis (Late Oligocene of South
America) - lapsus for Teleornis ?
†Gaviella (Oligocene? of Wyoming, USA) -
gaviiform? plotopterid?
†Neculus (Patagonia Early Miocene of
Patagonia, Argentina) - sphenisciform?
†"Propelargus" olseni (Hawthorne Early
Miocene of Tallahassee, USA) - ciconiiform?
†MNHN SA 1259-1263 (Early/Middle Miocene of
Sansan, France) - passeriform?
†Anisolornis (Santa Cruz Middle Miocene
of Karaihen, Argentina) - gruiform, galliform,
tinamiform?
†"Ardea" perplexa (Middle Miocene of
Sansan, France) - ardeid? strigiform?'
†"Cygnus herrenthalsi" (Middle Miocene of
Belgium)
†Diamantornis (Middle Miocene of Namibia)
- ratite?
†Namornis (Middle Miocene of Namibia and
Kenya - Baynunah Late Miocene of Abu Dhabi) -
ratite?
†"Limnatornis" paludicola (Miocene of
France) - coliid? phoeniculid?
†"Picus" gaudryi (Miocene of France) -
piciform?
†Bathoceleus (Pliocene of New Providence,
Bahamas) - picid?
†Climacarthrus
†Cunampaia
†Eoneornis
†Eutelornis
†Foro
†Halcyornis
†Homalopus - piciform?
†Juncitarsus - phoenicopteriform?
†Kashinia - phoenicopteriform?
†Liptornis
†Loxornis
†Procuculus
†Protibis
†Psammornis - may be same as
Eremopezus
†Pseudocrypturus - lithornithiform?
†Pseudolarus
†Pumiliornis
†Qinornis
†Riacama
†Smiliornis
†Teleornis
†Archaeotrogonidae
- ancestral to caprimulgiforms and apodiforms?
†Cladornithidae
- pelecaniform?
Cladornis (Deseado Early Oligocene of
Patagonia, Argentina)
†Eleutherornithidae
Eleutherornis
Proceriavis
†Eocypselidae
- apodiform (hemiprocnid?)? caprimulgiform? basal to
both?
Eocypselus (Late Paleocene ?- Early
Eocene of NC Europe)
†Eremopezidae
- ratites?
Eremopezus (Late Eocene of North Africa)
- includes Stromeria
†Fluvioviridavidae
Fluvioviridavis (Green River Early Eocene
of N America)
Eurofluvioviridavis (Middle Eocene of
Messel, Germany)
†Gracilitarsidae
Eutreptodactylus (Late Paleocene of
Brazil)
Gracilitarsus (Middle Eocene of Messel,
Germany)
†Messelasturidae
- accipitrid? basal to Strigiformes?
Tynskya (Early Eocene of N America and
England)
Messelastur (Middle Eocene of Messel,
Germany)
†Parvicuculidae
- cypselomorph, cuculiform, Primobucconidae?
Parvicuculus (Early Eocene of NW Europe)
†Remiornithidae
- palaeognath?
†Sylphornithidae
Oligosylphe (Borgloon Early Oligocene of
Hoogbutsel, Belgium)
Sylphornis
†Tytthostonygidae
- procellariiform, pelecaniform?
Tytthostonyx (Hornerstown Late
Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene)
†Zygodactylidae
- piciform?
†"Graculavidae"
- a paraphyletic group, the "transitional shorebirds"
Graculavus (Lance Creek Late Cretaceous -
Hornerstown Late Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene) -
charadriiform?
Palaeotringa (Hornerstown Late
Cretaceous?) - charadriiform?
Telmatornis (Navesink Late Cretaceous?) -
charadriiform?
Scaniornis - phoenicopteriform?
Zhylgaia
Dakotornis
Placement unresolved
"Graculavidae" gen. et sp. indet.
(Gloucester County, USA)
Struthioniformes
Ostrich and related
ratites .
Placement unresolved
†Diogenornis - rheid?
†Opisthodactylus - rheid?
Casuariidae - Emus and cassowaries
†Emuarius (Late Oligocene - Late Miocene)
- formerly Dromaius
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Dromaius (Middle Miocene - Recent)
Casuarius
Rheidae - Rheas
†Aepyornithidae
- Elephant Birds
Struthionidae - Ostriches
†Palaeotis (Middle Eocene) - includes
Palaeogrus geiseltalensis
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Struthio (Early Miocene - Recent)
†Lithornithiformes
Lithornithidae - Primitive ratites
Tinamiformes
Tinamidae - Tinamous
†Querandiornis
Placement unresolved
Tinamidae gen. et sp. indet. MACN-SC Fleagle
Collection (Early - Middle Miocene of S
Argentina) - at least 2 species
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Eudromia sp. (Late Miocene of La
Pampa Province, Argentina)
Eudromia olsoni (Late Pliocene of
Buenos Aires Province, Argentina)
Nothura parvula (Late Pliocene of
Buenos Aires Province, Argentina) - formerly
Cayeornis
Eudromia intermedia - formerly
Tinamisornis
Nothura paludosa (Pleistocene of
Argentina)
Anseriformes
Statues of the mihirung Bullockornis planei at
King's Park, Perth.
The group that includes modern
ducks and
geese.
Basal and unresolved forms
†Anatalavis (Hornerstown Late
Cretaceous/Early Paleocene of New Jersey, USA -
London Clay Early Eocene of Walton-on-the-Naze,
England) - anseranatid or basal
†Proherodius (London Clay Early Eocene of
London, England) - presbyornithid?
†Paranyroca (Rosebud Early Miocene of
Bennett County, USA) - Anatidae or own family?
Anhimidae - Screamers
†Dromornithidae mihirung s or "demon ducks".
Dromornis (Late Miocene - Pliocene)
†Presbyornithidae
Presbyornithidae gen. et sp. indet. (Barun Goyot
Late Cretaceous of Mongolia)
Vegavis (Late Cretaceous)
Presbyornis (Paleocene of Maryland, USA -
Bembridge Marls Early Oligocene of Burnt Wood,
England)
Headonornis - only BMNH PAL 30325 belongs
to this species, may belong to Presbyornis .
Telmabates
Anatidae - Ducks, geese and swans
†Eonessa (Eocene of Utah, USA)
†Cygnavus (Early Oligocene of Kazakhstan
- Early Miocene of Germany)
†Romainvillia (Early Oligocene of
Belgium ?- Late Eocene of France)
†Cygnopterus (Middle Oligocene of Belgium
- Early Miocene of France)
†Guguschia (Oligocene of Azerbaijan)
†Megalodytes (Middle Miocene of
California, USA)
†Afrocygnus (Late Miocene ?- Early
Pliocene of C Sahara, Africa)
†Presbychen (Temblor Late Miocene of
Sharktooth Hill, USA)
†Paracygnus (Kimball Late Pliocene of
Nebraska, USA)
†Anabernicula (Late Pliocene ?- Late
Pleistocene of SW and W North America)
†Archaeocygnus (Pleistocene of Australia)
†Aldabranas
†Brantadorna
†Dendrochen
†Eremochen
†Mionetta
†Sinanas
†Wasonaka
Placement unresolved
"cf. Megalodytes" (Haraichi Middle
Miocene of Annaka, Japan)
"Chenopis" nanus - at least 2 taxa
(Pleistocene of Australia)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
(sub)species
Somateria (Middle Oligocene? - Recent)
Cygnus (Middle Miocene - Recent)
Histrionicus (Middle Miocene - Recent) -
includes Ocyplonessa
Anas (Late Miocene - Recent) - includes
Heterochen
Oxyura (Middle Pleistocene - Recent)
Additional prehistoric species of extant
genera
Anser arenosus (Big Sandy Late
Miocene of Wickieup, USA)
Anser arizonae (Big Sandy Late
Miocene of Wickieup, USA)
Anser cygniformis (Miocene)
Anser condoni (Pleistocene of Fossil
Lake, USA)
Anser azerbaidzhanicus
Anser oeningensis
Anser thompsoni
Branta woolfendeni (Big Sandy Late
Miocene of Wickieup, USA)
Branta dickeyi (Late Pliocene - Late
Pleistocene of W USA)
Branta esmeralda (Pliocene)
Branta howardae (Pliocene)
Branta propinqua (Middle Pleistocene
of Fossil Lake, USA)
Branta hypsibata (Pleistocene of
Fossil Lake, USA)
Bucephala ossivalis (Late
Miocene/Early Pliocene of Bone Valley, USA) -
may be subspecies of extant
Bucephala clangula
Bucephala fossilis (Late Pliocene of
California, USA)
Bucephala angustipes
Bucephala cereti
Chen pressa (Glenns Ferry Late
Pliocene of Hagerman, USA)
Lophodytes floridana - formerly
Anas /Querquedula
Mergus connectens
Mergus miscellus
Neochen debilis
Neochen pugil
Galliformes
The group that includes modern
chickens and
quails.
Placement unresolved
†Austinornis (Austin Chalk Late
Cretaceous of Fort McKinney, USA) - formerly
Graculavus/Ichthyornis lentus
†Procrax (Middle Eocene - Early
Oligocene) - cracid? gallinuloidid?
†Palaeortyx (Middle Eocene -? Late
Oligocene) - phasianid or odontophorid
†Palaeonossax (Brule Late Oligocene of
South Dakota, USA) - cracid?
†Taoperdix (Late Oligocene)
†Archaeophasianus (Oligocene ?- Late
Miocene) - tetraonid or phasianid
†Palaealectoris (Agate Fossil Beds Early
Miocene of Sioux County, USA) - tetraonid?
†"Cyrtonyx" tedfordi (Barstow Late
Miocene of Barstow, USA)
†Archaealectrornis
†Paleophasianus - tetraonid or cracid
†Gallinuloididae
Gallinuloides (Green River Early/Middle
Eocene of Wyoming, USA)
Paraortygoides (London Clay Early Eocene
of Walton-on-the-Naze, England - Middle Eocene of
Messel, Germany)
†Paraortygidae
†Quercymegapodiidae
Quercymegapodius (Middle Eocene - Early
Oligocene)
Taubacrex (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene
of Brazil)
Ameripodius (Late Oligocene - Early
Miocene of Brazil and France)
Megapodidae - Megapodes
†Ngawupodius
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Leipoa gallinacea - formerly
Progura
Cracidae - Guans and Curassows
†Boreortalis (Early Miocene) - may be
same as Ortalis
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Ortalis (Early Miocene - Recent)
Tetraonidae - Grouse
Placement unresolved
"Tympanuchus" stirtoni (Early
Miocene)
"Tympanuchus" lulli (Pleistocene? of
New Jersey)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Lagopus atavus (Late Pliocene)
Lagopus balcanicus
Tetrao partium (Early Pleistocene)
Tetrao praeurogallus (Early
Pleistocene)
Tetrao conjugens
Tetrao macropus
Tetrao rhodopensis
Dendragapus gilli (Late Pleistocene
of WC and W USA) - formerly Palaeotetrix
Dendragapus lucasi (Late Pleistocene
of Fossil Lake, USA)
Bonasa praebonasia
Prehistoric subspecies of extant
species
Lagopus lagopus noaillensis
Lagopus mutus correzensis
Phasianidae - Pheasants, quails and partridges
†Schaubortyx (Middle Eocene - Early
Oligocene)
†Chauvireria
†Miogallus
†Miophasianus
†Palaeocryptonyx
†Palaeoperdix
†Pliogallus
†Plioperdix
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Coturnix gallica (Late Oligocene -
Late Miocene of SW to EC Europe)
Coturnix longipes
Gallus aesculapii (Late Miocene/Early
Pliocene of Greece) - possibly belongs into
Pavo
Gallus moldavicus (Late Pliocene of
Moldavia)
Gallus beremendensis (Late
Pliocene/Early Pleistocene of E Europe)
Gallus karabachensis (Early
Pleistocene of Nagorno-Karabakh)
Gallus europaeus (Middle Pleistocene
of Italy)
Pavo bravardi (Early - Late Pliocene)
Francolinus capeki (Late Pliocene of
Hungary)
Perdix palaeoperdix
Prehistoric subspecies of extant
species
Alectoris graeca martelensis
Odontophoridae - New World Quails
†Nanortyx (Cypress Hills Early Oligocene
of North Calf Creek, Canada)
†Miortyx (Rosebud Early Miocene of Flint
Hill, USA)
†Neortyx (Early Pleistocene of Reddick,
USA)
Placement unresolved
†Odontophoridae gen. et sp. indet. KUVP 9393
(White River Early/Middle Oligocene of Logan
County, USA)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Cyrtonyx cooki (Late Miocene? of
Upper Sheep Creek, USA)
Callipepla'? shotwelli (Middle
Pliocene of McKay Reservoir, USA) - formerly
Lophortyx
Colinus hibbardi (Rexroad Late
Pliocene of Rexroad, USA)
Colinus sp. (Late Pliocene of Benson,
USA)
Colinus suilium (Early Pleistocene of
SE USA)
Dendrortyx ? sp. (Late Pleistocene of
San Josecito Cavern, Mexico)
Meleagrididae - Turkeys
†Rhegminornis (Early Miocene of Bell,
USA)
†Proagriocharis (Kimball Late
Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lime Creek, USA)
Placement unresolved
Meleagridae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene
of Westmoreland County, USA)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Meleagris sp. (Early Pliocene of Bone
Valley, USA)
Meleagris leopoldi (Late Pliocene of
Cita Canyon, USA) - formerly Agriochares
Meleagris progenes (Rexroad Late
Pliocene, Meade County, USA) - formerly
Agriochares
Meleagris sp. (Late Pliocene of
Macasphalt Shell Pit, USA)
Meleagris anza (Early Pleistocene of
San Diego County, USA)
Meleagris californica (Late
Pleistocene of SW USA) - formerly
Parapavo/Pavo
Meleagris crassipes (Late Pleistocene
of SW North America)
Charadriiformes
Gulls ,
auks ,
shorebirds
Basal and unresolved taxa
†Charadriidae gen. et sp. indet. VI 9901 (Lopez
de Bertodano Late Cretaceous of Vega Island,
Antarctica) - burhinid? basal?
†Boutersemia (Early Oligocene of
Boutersem, Belgium) - glareolid?
Scolopacidae - Waders and snipes
†Paractitis
†Erolia
Placement unresolved
Scolopacidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle
Miocene of Františkovy Lázně, Czechia - Late
Miocene of Kohfidisch, Austria)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Limosa ? gypsorum (Montmartre
Late Eocene of France) - may belong to
Numenius
Limosa vanrossemi (Monterey Late
Miocene of Lompoc, USA)
Tringa edwardsi (Quercy Upper
Eocene/Lower Oligocene of Mouillac, France)
Tringa sp. 1 (Late Miocene/Early
Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
Tringa sp. 2 (Late Miocene/Early
Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
Tringa antiqua (Late Pliocene of
Meade County, USA)
Tringa ameghini (Late Pleistocene of
Talara Tar Seeps, Peru)
Gallinago cf. media (Late
Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
Scolopax carmesinae (Early/Middle
Pliocene? of Menorca, Mediterranean)
"Scolopax baranensis (Early Pliocene
of Hungary) - a
nomen nudum
Scolopax hutchensi (Late Pliocene -
Early Pleistocene of Florida, USA)
Phalaropus elenorae (Middle Pliocene)
Jacanidae - Jacanas
†Nupharanassa (Early Oligocene)
†Janipes
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Laridae - Gulls
†Laridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Oligocene)
†Gaviota (Late Miocene of Cherry County,
USA)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Larus elegans (Late Oligocene/Early
Miocene of St-Gérand-le-Puy, France)
Larus totanoides (Late
Oligocene/Early Miocene of SE France)
Larus ? desnoyersii (Early
Miocene of SE France)
Larus pristinus (John Day Early
Miocene of Willow Creek, USA)
Larus sp. (Grund Middle Miocene of
Austria)
Larus elmorei (Bone Valley
Early/Middle Pliocene of SE USA)
Larus lacus (Pinecrest Late Pliocene
of SE USA)
Larus perpetuus (Pinecrest Late
Pliocene of SE USA)
Larus sp. (San Diego Late Pliocene of
SW USA)
Larus oregonus (Late Pliocene - Late
Pleistocene of WC USA)
Larus robustus (Late Pliocene - Late
Pleistocene of WC USA)
Larus sp. (Lake Manix Late
Pleistocene of W USA)
Alcidae - Auks
†Hydrotherikornis (Late Eocene of Oregon,
USA)
†Petralca (Early ?- Late Oligocene of
Austria)
†Miocepphus (Middle Miocene of CE USA)
†Alcodes (Late Miocene of Orange County,
USA)
†Praemancalla (Late Miocene - Early
Pliocene of Orange County, USA)
†Mancalla
(Late Miocene - Early Pleistocene of W North
America)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Cepphus (Late Miocene - Recent)
Additional prehistoric species of extant
genera
Aethia rossmoori (Monterrey Late
Miocene of Orange County, USA)
Aethia ? sp. (Late Miocene of SW North
America)
Brachyramphus dunkeli (San Diego Late
Pliocene, SW USA)
Brachyramphus pliocenum (San Diego
Late Pliocene of California, USA)
Synthliboramphus sp. (Late
Miocene/Early Pliocene of Cedros Island, Mexico)
Synthliboramphus rineyi (San Diego
Late Pliocene, SW USA)
Stercorariidae - Skuas and jaegers
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Stercorarius sp. (Middle Miocene)
Stercorarius shufeldti (Fossil Lake
Middle Pleistocene of WC USA)
Prehistoric subspecies of extant
species
Stercorarius pomarinus philippi
Glareolidae - Pratincoles
†Paractiornis (Agate Fossil Beds Early
Miocene of Sioux County, USA)
†Mioglareola
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Burhinidae - Thick-knees
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Burhinus lucorum (Early Miocene)
Burhinus aquilonaris
Burhinus sp. (Cuba, West Indies)
Prehistoric subspecies of extant
species
Burhinus bistriatus nanus (Bahamas,
West Indies)
Charadriidae - Plovers
†Jiliniornis (Huadian Middle Eocene of
Huadian, China)
†Viator
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Belanopteryx edmundi - formerly
Vanellus
Belanopteryx downsi - formerly
Vanellus
Oreopholus orcesi
Recurvirostridae - Avocets
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Himantopus olsoni (Big Sandy Late
Miocene of Wickieup, USA)
Recurvirostra sanctaeneboulae
Gruiformes
Reconstruction of the diatryma,
Gastornis sp.
The group that includes modern
rails and
cranes.
Placement unresolved
†Propelargus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene
of Quercy, France) - cariamid or idornithid
†Rupelrallus (Early Oligocene of Germany)
- rallid?
†Badistornis (Brule Middle Oligocene of
Shannon County, USA)
†"Probalearica" (Late Oligocene? - Middle
Pliocene of Florida, USA, France?, Moldavia and
Mongolia) - gruid?
†Aramornis (Sheep Creek Middle Miocene of
Snake Creek Quarries, USA) - gruid?
†Euryonotus - rallid?
†Occitaniavis - cariamid or idiornithid,
includes Geranopsis elatus
†Parvigruidae
Parvigrus (Early Oligocene of Pichovet,
France)
†Songziidae
†Gastornithidae
- Diatrymas
Gastornis (Late Paleocene - Eocene of North
America and W Europe) - includes Diatryma
Gasthornithidae gen. et sp. indet. PU 13258
(Early Eocene of Parly County, USA)
"Diatryma" corei (Middle Eocene of
Lissieu, France)
Omorhamphus
Zhongyuanus
Placement unresolved
Rallidae - Rails
†Eocrex (Wasatch Early Eocene of
Steamboat Springs, USA)
†Palaeorallus (Wasatch Early Eocene of
Wyoming, USA)
†Aletornis (Bridger Middle Eocene of
Uinta County, USA)
†Fulicaletornis (Bridger Middle Eocene of
Henry's Fork, USA)
†Ibidopsis (Hordwell Late Eocene of
Hordwell, UK)
†Quercyrallus (Late Eocene -? Late
Oligocene of France)
†Belgirallus (Early Oligocene of WC
Europe)
†Rallicrex (Corbula Middle/Late Oligocene
of Kolzsvár, Romania)
†Palaeoaramides (Late Oligocene/Early
Miocene - Late Miocene of France)
†Paraortygometra (Late Oligocene/Early
Miocene of France)
†Pararallus (Late Oligocene? - Late
Miocene of C Europe)
†Miofulica (Anversian Black Sand Middle
Miocene of Antwerp, Belgium)
†Miorallus (Middle Miocene of Sansan,
France)
†Creccoides
†Microrallus
†Montirallus
†Parvirallus
†Youngornis
Placement unresolved
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of
Lemoyne Quarry, USA)
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V55013/-14;
UMMP V55012/V45750/V45746(Rexroad Late Pliocene
of Saw Rock Canyon, USA)
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V29080
(Rexroad Late Pliocene of Fox Canyon, USA)
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Bermuda, West
Atlantic)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
(sub)species
Fulica (Early Pliocene - Recent)
Gallinula (Late Pliocene - Recent)
Additional prehistoric species of extant
genera
Coturnicops avita (Glenns Ferry Late
Pliocene of Hagerman, USA)
Laterallus insignis (Rexroad Late
Pliocene of Rexroad, USA)
Laterallus sp. (Late Pliocene of
Macasphalt Shell Pit, USA)
Rallus lacustris (Late Pliocene of C
North America)
Rallus phillipsi (Late Pliocene of
Wickieup, USA)
Rallus prenticei (Late Pliocene of C
North America) - formerly Gallinuloides
Rallus sp. (Rexroad Late Pliocene of
Saw Rock Canyon, USA)
Rallus auffenbergi (Middle
Pleistocene of SE North America) - formerly
Porzana
Rallus ibycus (Shore Hills Late
Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic)
Rallus recessus (St Georges Soil Late
Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic)
Rallus natator (Pleistocene of San
Josecito Cavern, Mexico) - formerly Epirallus
Rallus richondi - includes R.
dubius
Porzana piercei (Shore Hills Late
Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic)
Porzana estramosi
Porzana cf. flaviventer
(Bermuda, West Atlantic)
†Geranoididae
Eogeranoides (Willwood Early Eocene of
Foster Gulch, USA)
Geranoides (Willwood Early Eocene of
South Elk Creek, USA)
Palaeophasianus (Willwood Early Eocene of
Bighorn County, USA)
Paragrus (Early Eocene of WC USA)
Geranodornis (Bridger Middle Eocene of
Church Buttes, USA)
†Eogruidae
Eogrus (Irdin Manha Middle/Late Eocene -
Tung Gur Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Mongolia)
Sonogrus (Ergilin Dzo Leate Eocene/Early
Oligocene of Khor Dzan, Mongolia)
†Ergilornithidae
Ergilornis (Early/Middle Oligocene of
Ergil-Obo, Mongolia)
Proergilornis (Early/Middle Oligocene of
Ergil-Obo, Mongolia)
Amphipelargus - includes Urmiornis
Gruidae - Cranes
†Palaeogrus (Middle Eocene of Germany and
Italy - Middle Miocene of France)
†Eobalearica (Ferghana Late? Eocene of
Ferghana, Uzbekistan)
†Geranopsis (Hordwell Late Eocene - Early
Oligocene of England)
†Camusia (Late Miocene of Menorca,
Mediterranean)
Placement unresolved
Gruidae gen. et sp. indet. - formerly
Grus conferta (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene
of Contra Costa County, USA)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Balearica rummeli (Early Miocene of
Germany) - formerly Basityto
Balearica exigua
Grus miocaenicus (Middle Miocene of
Credinţa, Romania) - may be synonym of
Palaelodus ambiguus
Grus afghana (Late Miocene of
Molayan, Afghanistan)
Grus sp. 1 (Late Miocene of Love Bone
Bed, USA)
Grus sp. 2 (Late Miocene of Love Bone
Bed, USA)
Grus cf. antigone (Late
Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
Grus nannodes (Late Miocene/Early
Pliocene -? Middle Pliocene of Sherman County,
USA)
Grus sp. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene
of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
Grus haydeni (Late Miocene/Early
Pliocene - Pleistocene? of WC USA)
Grus penteleci (Late Miocene - Early
Pliocene of C and SE Europe) - formerly
Pliogrus
Grus latipes (Shore Hills Late
Pleistocene of Bermuda, W Atlantic) - formerly
Baeopteryx
Grus pagei (Late Pleistocene of
Rancho La Brea
Grus melitensis (Pleistocene of
Malta)
Grus bogatshevi
Grus cubensis
Grus primigenia
†Messelornithidae
-
Messel-birds
Cariamidae - Seriemas
Prehistoric species of extant genera
†Salmilidae
†Bathornithidae
Eutreptornis (Uinta Late Eocene of Ouray
Agency, USA)
Neocathartes (Late Eocene)
Palaeogyps (Early Oligocene of WC North
America)
Bathornithidae gen. nov. (Early - Middle
Oligocene of C USA) - formerly Bathornis
celeripes and B. cursor
Paracrax (Early/Middle Oligocene of
Gerry's Ranch, USA - Brule Late Oligocene of South
Dakota, USA)
Bathornis (Early Oligocene - Early
Miocene of C USA)
Reconstruction of the famous "terror bird"
Phorusrhacos longissimus .
†Idiornithidae
Idiornis (Middle Eocene of Messel,
Germany ?- Quercy Middle Oligocene of Quercy,
France)
Gypsornis (Montmartre Late Eocene of
Montmartre, France)
Elaphrocnemus (Quercy Late
Eocene ?-Middle Oligocene of Quercy, France)
Oblitavis
†Phorusrhacidae
Paleopsilopterus (Middle Paleocene of
Itaboraí, Brazil)
Andrewsornis (Middle - Late Oligocene of
S Argentina)
Physornis (Middle - Late Oligocene of
Santa Cruz Province, Argentina)
Psilopterus (Deseado Middle Oligocene -
Arroyo Chasicó Late Miocene of S and E Argentina)
Paraphysornis (Tremembé Late
Oligocene/Early Miocene of São Paulo State, Brazil)
Brontornis (Early - Middle Miocene)
Patagornis (Santa Cruz Early - Middle
Miocene of Santa Cruz Province, Argentina)
Phorusrhacos (Early - Middle Miocene)
Andalgalornis (Andalgala Late Miocene -
Early Pliocene of N Argentina)
Devincenzia (Late Miocene - Early
Pliocene of NE Argentina and Arroyo Roman, Uruguay)
Procariama (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene
of Catamarca Province, Argentina)
Mesembriornis (Late Miocene - Late
Pliocene of E and NW Argentina)
Titanis (Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene)
Otididae - Bustards
†Gryzaja
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Phoenicopteriformes
Placement unresolved
Phoeniconotius (Etadunna Late
Oligocene/Early Miocene of Lake Pitikanta,
Australia)
†Palaelodidae
- Swimming-flamingos
Adelalopus (Borgloon Early Oligocene of
Hoogbutsel, Belgium)
Palaelodus (Middle Oligocene -? Middle
Pleistocene)
Megapaloelodus (Late Oligocene - Early
Pliocene)
Phoenicopteridae - Flamingos
†Elornis (Late Eocene - Early Oligocene)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Phoenicopterus (Middle Oligocene -
Recent)
Podicipediformes
Podicipedidae - Grebes
†Pliolymbus (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
†Miobaptus
†Thiornis
Placement unresolved
Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. (San Diego
Late Pliocene of California) - formerly included
in Podiceps parvus
Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP 49592,
52261, 51848, 52276, KUVP 4484 (Late Pliocene of
WC USA)
Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. (Glenns
Ferry Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene of Idaho,
USA)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Podiceps cf. auritus (Early
Pliocene of Florida, USA) - formerly P.
pisanus, P. howardae and Pliodytes
lanquisti
Podiceps subparvus (Middle Pliocene
of California, USA)
Podiceps discors (Late Pliocene of WC
USA)
Podiceps ? sp. (Late Pliocene of WC
USA)
Podiceps parvus (Late Pleistocene of
W North America)
Podilymbus majusculus (Late Pliocene
of WC USA)
Podilymbus wetmorei (Late Pleistocene
of Florida, USA)
Podiceps dixi
Podiceps oligocaenus
Aechmophorus elasson (Late Pliocene
of W USA)
Prehistoric subspecies of extant
species
Aechmophorus occidentalis lucasi
(Late Pleistocene of SW North America)
Podilymbus podiceps magnus - may be
same as nominate subspecies
Ciconiiformes
The diverse group that includes
storks ,
herons and
New World vultures .
Placement unresolved
Ardeidae - Herons
†Xenerodiops (Early Oligocene of Fayyum,
Egypt)
†Zeltornis
(Early Miocene)
†Ardeagradis
†Calcardea
†Proardea
†Proardeola - possibly same as
Proardea
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Nycticorax (Early Oligocene - Recent)
Scopidae - Hammerkop
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Threskiornithidae - Ibises
†Rhynchaeites
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Plegadis paganus (Late
Oligocene/Early Miocene of France) - formerly
Eudocimus
Plegadis gracilis (Late Pliocene of
WC USA)
Plegadis pharangites (Late Pliocene
of WC USA)
Theristicus wetmorei
Eudocimus leiseyi
Eudocimus ?peruvianus
Eudocimus sp. (Florida)
†Teratornithidae
- Teratorns
Argentavis (Late Miocene)
Aiolornis (Early Pliocene - Late
Pleistocene)
Cathartornis
Cathartidae - New World vultures
†Diatropornis (Late Eocene/Early
Oligocene -? Middle Oligocene)
†Phasmagyps (Early Oligocene)
†Brasilogyps (Late Oligocene - Early
Miocene)
†Hadrogyps (Middle Miocene)
†Pliogyps (Late Miocene - Late Pliocene)
†Perugyps (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)
†Dryornis (Early - Late Pliocene) - may
belong to modern genus Vultur
†Aizenogyps (Late Pliocene)
†Breagyps (Late Pleistocene)
†Geronogyps (Late Pleistocene)
†Wingegyps (Late Pleistocene)
†Parasarcoramphus
Placement unresolved
Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late
Oligocene of Mongolia)
Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late
Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle
Pliocene of Argentina)
Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Cuba)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
(sub)species
Sarcoramphus (Middle Pliocene ?- Recent)
Balaenicipitidae - Shoebills
†Goliathia (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene
of Egypt)
†Paludavis (Late Miocene of Tunisia and
Pakistan)
Ciconiidae - Storks
†Palaeoephippiorhynchus (Early Oligocene
of Fayyum, Egypt)
†Grallavis (Early Miocene of
Saint-Gérand-le-Puy, France, and Djebel Zelten,
Libya) - may be same as
†Prociconia (Late Pleistocene of Brazil)
- may belong to modern genus Jabiru or
Ciconia
Palaeoephippiorhynchus
†Pelargosteon (Early Pleistocene of
Romania)
Placement unresolved
Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. - formerly
Cygnus bilinicus (Early Miocene of Břešťany,
Czechia)
cf. Leptoptilos gen. et sp. indet. -
formerly L. siwalicensis (Late Miocene? -
Late Pliocene of Siwalik, India)
Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late
Pleistocene of San Josecito Cavern, Mexico) -
Ciconia or Mycteria
Ciconia stehlini (Early Pleistocene
of Hungary)
Ciconia nana (Late Pleistocene of
Australia) - formerly Xenorhynchus
Mycteria milleri (Valentine Middle
Miocene of Cherry County, USA) - formerly
Dissourodes
Mycteria wetmorei (Late Pleistocene
of W and SE USA)
Ephippiorhynchus pakistanensis (Late
Miocene of Pakistan)
Leptoptilos richae (Beglia Late
Miocene of Bled ed Douarah, Tunisia, and Wadi
Moghara, Egypt?)
Leptoptilos sp. (Ngorora Late Miocene
of Baringo District, Kenya)
Leptoptilos falconeri (Early - Late
Pliocene of S Asia and E Africa)
Leptoptilos cf. falconeri
(Early Pliocene of Odessa, Ukraine and Urugus,
Ethiopia - Late Pliocene of Koro Toro, Chad and
Olduvai, Tanzania) - includes L. pliocenicus ,
may be the same as L. falconeri
Leptoptilos sp. (Late Pliocene of
Siwalik, India) - formerly Cryptociconia
indica , may be the same as L. falconeri
Leptoptilos titan (Notopuro
Middle/Late Pleistocene of Watualang, Java)
Pelecaniformes
The group that includes modern
pelicans and
cormorants .
Basal and unresolved forms
†"Sula" ronzoni (Early Oligocene of
Ronzon, Frane) - formerly Mergus
†?Anhinga laticeps (Pleistocene)
†Prophaethontidae
Prophaethon (Early Eocene London Clay of
Isle of Sheppey, England)
Lithoptila (Late Paleocene of Ouled
Abdoun Basin, Morocco)
Phaethontidae - Tropicbirds
Fregatidae - Frigatebirds
†Limnofregata
(Early Eocene)
Sulidae - Gannets and boobies
†Masillastega (Middle Eocene of Messel,
Germany)
†Eostega (Middle/Late Eocene of
Cluj-Manastur, Romania)
†Empheresula (Late Oligocene of Gannat,
France - Middle Miocene of Steinheimer Becken,
Germany)
†Microsula (Lower Miocene of Léognan -
Grund Middle Miocene of Austria)
†Sarmatosula (Middle Miocene of Credinţa,
Romania)
†Rhamphastosula (Pisco Early Pliocene of
SC Peru)
†Miosula
†Palaeosula
Placement unresolved
Sulidae gen. et sp. indet. (Thalberg Late
Oligocene of Germany)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Morus (Early? Miocene - Recent)
Sula (Early Miocene - Recent)
Phalacrocoracidae - Cormorants and shags
†Oligocorax (Late Oligocene of WC Europe)
†Nectornis (Early Miocene of C Europe -
Middle Miocene of Bes-Konak, Turkey) - includes
Oligocorax miocaenus
†Valenticarbo
Placement unresolved
†Oligocorax ? sp. (Late Oligocene of
Enspel, Germany)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Phalacrocorax marinavis (Oligocene?
of Oregon) - Oligocorax ?
Phalacrocorax littoralis (Early
Miocene of St-Gérand-le-Puy, France) - formerly
Oligocorax
Phalacrocorax intermedius (Early -
Middle Miocene of C Europe) - includes P.
praecarbo, Ardea/P. brunhuberi and
Botaurites avitus
Phalacrocorax macropus (Early
Miocene ?-? Pliocene of NW USA)
Phalacrocorax ibericus (Late Miocene
of Valles de Fuentiduena, Spain)
Phalacrocorax lautus (Late Miocene of
Golboçica, Moldavia)
Phalacrocorax serdicensis (Late
Miocene of Hrabarsko, Bulgaria)
Phalacrocorax femoralis (Modelo Late
Miocene/Early Pliocene of WC North America)
Phalacrocorax sp. (Late Miocene/Early
Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
Phalacrocorax longipes (Late Miocene
- Early Pliocene of the Ukraine) - formerly
Pliocarbo
Phalacrocorax goletensis (Early
Pliocene of Michoacán, Mexico)
Phalacrocorax wetmorei (Bone Valley
Early Pliocene of Florida)
Phalacrocorax sp. (Bone Valley Early
Pliocene of Polk County, USA) - may be P.
idahensis
Phalacrocorax idahensis (Middle
Pliocene ?- Pleistocene of Idaho)
Phalacrocorax destefani (Late
Pliocene of Italy)
Phalacrocorax filyawi (Pinecrest Late
Pliocene of Florida, USA) - may be P.
idahensis
Phalacrocorax macer (Late Pliocene of
Idaho, USA)
Phalacrocorax rogersi (Late Pliocene
of Santa Barbara, USA)
Phalacrocorax kennelli (San Diego
Pliocene of California)
Phalacrocorax sp. "Wildhalm"
(Pliocene)
Phalacrocorax pampeanus (Pleistocene
of Argentina)
Phalacrocorax gregorii (Pleistocene
of Australia)
Phalacrocorax vetustus (Pleistocene
of Australia)
Phalacrocorax anatolicus
Phalacrocorax chapalensis
Phalacrocorax kumeyaay
Phalacrocorax leptopus
Phalacrocorax mongoliensis
Phalacrocorax reliquus
Phalacrocorax sp. (Sarasota County,
Florida) - may be P. idahensis
†Plotopteridae
- Diving-"boobies"
Phocavis
Tonsala
Copepteryx
Plotopterum
†Protoplotidae
Protoplotus (Middle Eocene of Sumatra)
Anhingidae - Darters
†Meganhinga (Early Miocene)
†Macranhinga (Late Miocene -? Early
Pliocene)
†Giganhinga (Late Pliocene/Early
Pleistocene)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
†Pelagornithidae
- Pseudotooth Birds
Gigantornis (Middle Eocene of Nigeria)
Osteodontornis (Early Oligocene - Pliocene)
Pelagornis (Middle Miocene of France)
Odontopteryx
Caspiodontornis
Cyphornis (Eocene of Vancouver, Canada)
Dasornis
Palaeochenoides
Pseudodontornis
Tympanoneisiotes
Pelecanidae - Pelicans
†Protopelicanus
†Miopelecanus
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Pelecanus (Late Pliocene - Recent)
Procellariiformes
The group that includes modern
albatrosses ,
petrels and storm-petrels.
†Diomedeoididae
Rupelornis (Early Oligocene of Belgium)
Diomedeoides (Early Oligocene ?-Early
Miocene of C Europe and Iran) - includes
Frigidafrons , may be synonym of Rupelornis
Diomedeidae - Albatrosses
†Murunkus (Middle Eocene)
†Plotornis (Middle Miocene)
Placement unresolved
Diomedeidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late
Oligocene of South Carolina)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Diomedea (Middle Miocene - Recent)
Hydrobatidae - Storm-petrels
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Oceanodroma hubbsi (Capistrano
Middle/Late Miocene of Orange County, USA)
Oceanodroma sp.
Pelagodroma sp. 1
Pelagodroma sp. 2
Procellariidae - Petrels
†Argyrodyptes (Patagonia Early Miocene of
Patagonia, Argentina)
†Pterodromoides
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Puffinus (Early Oligocene - Recent)
Pelecanoididae - Diving-petrels
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Pelecanoides (Early Pliocene - Recent)
Gaviiformes
Gaviidae - Loons
†Colymboides (Late Eocene - Early
Miocene) - includes Hydrornis
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Gavia (Early Miocene - Recent)
Sphenisciformes
Unresolved and basal forms
†Waimanu
(Early - Late Palaeocene)
Sphenisciformes gen. et sp. indet. CADIC P 21
(Leticia Middle Eocene of Punta Torcida, Argentina)
Spheniscidae - Penguins
†Crossvallia (Cross Valley Late Paleocene of
Seymour Island, Antarctica)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Pygoscelis (Middle/Late Miocene - Recent)
Placement unresolved
Spheniscidae gen. et sp. indet (Late
Oligocene/Early Miocene of Hakataramea, New
Zealand)
Spheniscidae gen. et sp. indet (Pisco Middle
Miocene of SC Peru) - may be same as
Pygoscelis small sp.
Pteroclidiformes
Pteroclididae - Sandgrouse
†Archaeoganga
†Leptoganga
Columbiformes
Columbidae - Doves and pigeons
†Gerandia (Early Miocene)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
(sub)species
Patagioenas (Early Pliocene - Recent)
Columba
Psittaciformes
Unresolved and basal forms
†Pseudasturidae
Pseudastur
Pseudasturides
Psittacidae - Parrots, parakeets and lories
†Archaeopsittacus
(Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of France)
†Xenopsitta (Early Miocene of Czechia)
†Bavaripsitta (Middle Miocene of
Steinberg, Germany)
†"Pararallus dispar" (Middle Miocene of
France) - includes "Psittacus" lartetianus
†Precursor
(Early Eocene of England)
†Serundaptus
†Quercypsitta
†Pulchrapollia
Extant and recently extinct genera with
known prehistoric species
Conuropsis (Early? Miocene - Holocene) - may
be subspecies of C. carolinensis or belong to
different genus
Additional prehistoric species of extant
genera
Cuculiformes
Cuckoos, turacos and allies.
Opisthocomidae - Hoatzins
†Hoazinoides (Miocene of upper Magdalena
Valley, Colombia)
†Hoatzi - may be same as Foro
Musophagidae - Turacos
Placement unresolved
Musophagidae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Musophaga africanus - formerly
Apopempsis
Musophaga meini - formerly
Apopempsis
Cuculidae - Cuckoos
†Dynamopterus
†Cursoricoccyx
†Neococcyx
Placement unresolved
Cuculidae gen. et sp. indet.
Falconiformes
Birds of prey
Unresolved and basal forms
†Masillaraptor (Middle Eocene of Messel,
Germany) - basal?
†Horusornithidae
Pandionidae - Ospreys
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Pandion (Early Oligocene - Recent)
Sagittariidae - Secretary Birds
†Pelargopappus (Late Eocene/Early
Oligocene - Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of France)
- formerly
Amphiserpentarius/Amynoptilon/Pelargopsis
Accipitridae - Hawks
†Milvoides (Late Eocene of England)
†Aquilavus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene
of France)
†Palaeocircus (Late Eocene/Early
Oligocene of France)
†Palaeastur (Agate Fossil Beds Early
Miocene of Sioux County, USA)
†Pengana
(Early Miocene of Riversleigh, Australia)
†Promilio (Agate Fossil Beds Early
Miocene of Sioux County, USA)
†Proictinia (Early - Late Miocene/Early
Pliocene of C and SE USA)
†Palaeoborus (Miocene)
†Neophrontops (Early Pliocene - Late
Pleistocene)
†Amplibuteo (Late Pliocene of Peru - Late
Pleistocene of S North America and Cuba) - may
belong to extant genus Harpyhaliaetus
†Neogyps
†Palaeohierax
†Wetmoregyps - formerly Morphnus
daggetti
Placement unresolved
Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. AMNH 7434
(Huerfano Early Eocene of Huerfano County, USA)
Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)
"Aquila" danana (Miocene) - formerly
Geranoaetus or Buteo
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Haliaeetus (Early Oligocene - Recent)
Buteo (Middle Oligocene - Recent)
Additional prehistoric species of extant
genera
Aquila bivia
Aquila sodalis
Buteogallus enectus (Sheep Creek
Middle Miocene of Sioux County, USA)
Buteogallus fragilis (Rancho La Brea
Late Pleistocene of California, USA) - formerly
Geranoaetus
Buteogallus milleri (Late Pleistocene
of New Mexico, USA)
Gyps melitensis
Neophron sp. (Late Miocene/Early
Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
Neophron vetustus
Neophron dakotensis
Neophron slaughteri
Neophron vallecitoensis
Neophron ricardoensis
Spizaetus grinnelli (Rancho La Brea
Late Pleistocene of California, USA) - formerly
Geranoaetus
Spizaetus pliogryps
Falconidae - Falcons
†Parvulivenator (Early Eocene of England)
†Stintonornis (Early Eocene of England)
†Badiostes (Santa Cruz Early Miocene of
Patagonia, Argentina)
†Pediohierax (Middle Miocene of Nebraska,
USA) - formerly Falco ramenta
Placement unresolved
Falconidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene
of Neuquén, Argentina)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
?Falco sp. (Late Miocene of Idaho)
Falco sp. (Early Pliocene of Kansas)
Falco medius (Late Miocene of
Cherevichnyi, Ukraine)
Falco antiquus
Milvago alexandri
Milvago readei
?Milvago sp. (Jamaica, West Indies)
Milvago sp. (Cuba, West Indies)
Prehistoric subspecies of extant
species
Falco tinnunculus atavus
Caprimulgiformes
Nightjars, potoos and allies.
Placement unresolved
†Paraprefica - Steatornithidae or
Nyctibiidae
Steatornithidae - Oilbirds
†Prefica
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Podargidae - Frogmouths
†Masillapodargus
†Quercypodargus
Nyctibiidae - Potoos
Caprimulgidae - Nightjars
Apodiformes
Swifts, hummingbirds and owlet-nightjars.
Basal and unresolved forms
†Primapus (Early Eocene) - aegialornithid
or apodid
†Parargornis (Middle Eocene) -
jungornithid, trochilid, basal as Argornis ?
†Argornis (Late Eocene) - basal to
Jungornithidae and Trochilidae
†Cypselavus (Late Eocene - Early
Oligocene) - aegialornithid or hemiprocnid
Aegothelidae - Owlet-nightjars
†Quipollornis (Early/Middle Miocene)
†Aegialornithidae
Aegialornis (Early Eocene of North America?
- Late Eocene of C Europe)
†Jungornithidae
Jungornis (Early Oligocene of N Caucasus,
Russia)
Palescyvus
Laputavis
Trochilidae - Hummingbirds
†Eurotrochilus (Early Oligocene of
Frauenweiler, Germany)
Placement unresolved
Trochilidae sp. et gen. indet. (Bahamas,
West Indies)
Trochilidae sp. et gen. indet. (Brazil)
Apodidae - Swifts
†Scaniacypselus (Early - Middle Eocene)
†Procypseloides (Late Eocene/Early
Oligocene - Early Miocene)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
(sub)species
Coliiformes
Mousebirds and relatives
Unresolved and basal forms
†Chascacocolius (Late Paleocene ?- Early
Eocene) - basal? sandcoleid?
†Eocolius (Early Eocene) - sandcoleid or
coliid
†Selmes (Middle Eocene ?-Late Oligocene)
- coliid?, possibly synonym of Primocolius
†"Necrornis" palustris (Miocene) - coliid
(genus Colius )?
†"Picus" archiaci (Miocene) - coliid?
genus Limnatornis ?
†"Picus" consobrinus (Miocene) - coliid?
†Eobucco - sandcoleid?
†Uintornis - sandcoleid?
†Limnatornis
†Sandcoleidae
Sandcoleus
Anneavis
Eoglaucidium
Coliidae - Mousebirds
†Primocolius (Late Eocene/Oligocene)
†Oligocolius (Early Oligocene)
†Masillacolius (Middle Eocene)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Colius hendeyi (Early Pliocene)
Strigiformes
Owls and barn owls
Unresolved and basal forms
†Ogygoptynx (Early Paleocene of Colorado,
USA) - basal
†Berruornis - basal
†Strigiformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early
Oligocene of Wyoming, USA)
†Palaeoglaucidae
†Protostrigidae
Protostrix (Middle - Late Eocene of W
USA)
Eostrix (Early Eocene of WC USA and
England - Middle Eocene of WC USA)
†Sophiornithidae
Sophiornis
Strigogyps - includes Aenigmavis
and Ameghinornis
Strigidae - Owls
Placement unresolved
"Asio" henrici (Late Eocene/Early
Oligocene of France) - previously Otus
"Otus" wintershofensis (Early/Middle
Miocene of Wintershof West, Germany)
"Strix" brevis (Early/Middle Miocene
of Wintershof West, Germany)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Strix collongensis (Early Miocene of
France)
?Strix dakota (Early Miocene of South
Dakota, USA)
Strix sp. (Late Miocene of Nebraska,
USA)
?Strix perpasta (Late Miocene - Early
Pliocene of Gargano Peninsula, Italy) - possibly
same as Bubo zeylonensis lamarmorae
Strix brea (Late Pleistocene of SW
North America)
Strix sp. (Late Pleistocene of Ladds,
USA)
Strix intermedia
Asio brevipes (Glenns Ferry Late
Pliocene of Hagerman, USA)
Asio priscus (Late Pliocene of Santa
Rosa Island, USA)
Athene megalopeza (Rexroad Late
Pliocene of WC USA)
Athene trinacriae
Athene cf. cunicularia
(Barbuda, West Indies)
Athene cf. cunicularia (Cayman
Islands, West Indies)
Athene cf. cunicularia
(Jamaica, West Indies)
Athene cf. cunicularia (Mona
Island, West Indies)
Athene cf. cunicularia (Puerto
Rico, West Indies)
Bubo sp. (Late Pleistocene of San
Josecito Cavern, Mexico)
†Geranopterus (Late Eocene) - basal
†Eocoraciidae
†Primobucconidae
Todidae - Todies
Motmotidae - Motmots
†Protornis
Placement unresolved
Momotidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene
of Alachua County, USA)
†Messelirrisoridae
Messelirrisor (Middle Eocene of Messel,
Germany)
Bucerotidae - Hornbills
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Trogoniformes
Trogonidae - Trogons
†Septentrogon (Fur Late Paleocene/Early
Eocene of Ejerslev, Denmark)
†Primotrogon (Middle Eocene of Messel,
Germany? - Early Oligocene of France)
†Paratrogon (Early Miocene of France)
Placement unresolved
Trogonidae gen. et sp. indet. 1 (NW Europe)
Trogonidae gen. et sp. indet. 2 (NW Europe)
Piciformes
Placement unresolved
†Piciformes gen. et sp. indet. IRScNB Av 65
(Early Oligocene)
†Rupelramphastoides (Early Oligocene) -
ramphastid?
†Piciformes gen. et sp. indet. SMF Av 429 (Late
Oligocene)
†Capitonides (Early - Middle Miocene) -
ramphastid or capitonid
†Primoscenidae
Primoscens
Primozygodactylus
†Miopiconidae
Picidae - Woodpeckers
†Palaeopicus (Late Oligocene)
†Palaeonerpes (Early Pliocene)
†Pliopicus (Early Pliocene)
Placement unresolved
Picidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene)
Picidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
cf. Colaptes DMNH 1262 (Early
Pliocene of Ainsworth, USA)
Extant genera with known prehistoric
(sub)species
Campephilus (Late Pleistocene - Recent)
Additional prehistoric subspecies of
extant species
Melanerpes superciliaris ssp. (Little
Exuma, Bahamas)
Placement unresolved
†Wieslochia (Early Oligocene of
Frauenweiler, Germany)
†Passeriformes gen. et sp. indet. SMF Av 504
(Late Oligocene of Luberon, France)
†Passeriformes gen. et sp. indet. (Late
Oligocene of France)
†Passeriformes gen. et sp. indet. MACN-SC-1411
(Pinturas Early/Middle Miocene of Santa Cruz
Province, Argentina)
†Passeriformes gen. et sp. indet. SMN Av 487-496
(Middle Miocene of Petersbuch, Germany)
†Passeriformes gen. et sp. indet. SMNS
86822,86825-86826
†"Palaeostruthus" eurius (Pliocene of
Florida)
Eurylaimidae - Broadbills
Placement unresolved
Eurylaimidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early
Miocene of Wintershof, Germany)
†Palaeoscinidae
Furnariidae - Ovenbirds
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Pseudoseisura cursor (Ensenada
Early/Middle Pleistocene of Anchorena,
Argentina)
Orthonychidae - Logrunners
Extant genera with known prehistoric
species
Orthonyx (Middle/Late Miocene - Recent)
Corvidae - Crows, Ravens, Jays and Magpies
†Henocitta (Arredondo Early Pleistocene
of Williston, USA)
†Protocitta (Early Pleistocene of
Reddick, USA)
†Miocitta
†Miocorvus
Extant genera with known prehistoric
(sub)species
Corvus (Late Miocene - Recent)
Placement unresolved
Corvidae gen. et sp. indet. (Sicily)
Laniidae - Shrikes
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Lanius miocaenus (Early Miocene of
Langy, France)
Motacillidae - Wagtails
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Motacilla humata
Motacilla major
Fringillidae - Finches
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Loxia patevi
Coccothraustes balcanicus
Coccothraustes simeonovi
Cardinalidae - Cardinals
Placement unresolved
?Passerina sp. (Early Pliocene of
Yepómera, Mexico)
Emberizidae - Buntings
†Palaeospiza
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Ammodramus hatcheri (Late Miocene of
Kansas, USA) - formerly Palaeospiza or
Palaeostruthus
Pipilo angelensis (Pleistocene of
Rancho La Brea, USA)
Regulidae - Kinglets
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Icteridae - Grackles
†Pandanaris (Pleistocene of Rancho La
Brea, USA)
†Pyelorhamphus (Shelter Cave, USA)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Euphagus magnirostris (Late
Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea, California)
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