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This page lists living orders and families of
birds, class
Aves (for extinct birds, please see
Extinct birds and
Prehistoric birds). The links below should then lead to
family accounts and hence to individual species.
Taxonomy
is very fluid in the age of DNA analysis, so comments are
made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. In
particular see Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy for a very different
classification.
This article and the descendant family articles follow
the taxonomy of the Handbook of Australian, New Zealand
and Antarctic Birds (HANZAB) for families largely
endemic to that region, and otherwise the Handbook of
Birds of the World (HBW).
Paleognathae
The flightless and mostly giant Struthioniformes lack a
keeled sternum and are collectively known as
ratites. Together with the Tinamiformes, they form the
Paleognathae (or 'old jaws'), one of the two
evolutionary "super orders".
Struthionidae: Ostrich
Casuariidae: emus and cassowaries
Apterygidae: kiwis
Rheidae: rheas
Tinamiformes: South America; 45 species
Tinamidae: tinamous
Neognathae
Nearly all living birds belong to the super order of
Neognathae— or 'new jaws'. With their keels, unlike the
ratites, they are known as
carinates. The
passerines alone account for well over 5000 species.
Anseriformes: worldwide; 150 species
Anhimidae: screamers
Anseranatidae: Magpie-goose Anatidae: swans, geese and ducks
Megapodidae: mound-builders
Cracidae: chachalacas, guans and curassows
Tetraonidae: grouse
Phasianidae: partridges, pheasants, quail and allies
Odontophoridae: New World quails
Numididae: guineafowl
Meleagrididae: turkeys
Mesitornithidae: mesites
Sphenisciformes: Antarctic and southern waters;
16 species
Spheniscidae: penguins
Gaviiformes: North America, Eurasia; 5 species
Gaviidae loons or divers
Podicipediformes: worldwide; 20 species
Podicipedidae: grebes
Procellariiformes: pan-oceanic; 93 species
Diomedeidae: albatrosses
Procellariidae: fulmars, prions, shearwaters, gadfly
and other petrels
Pelecanoididae: diving petrels
Hydrobatidae: storm petrels
Pelecaniformes: worldwide; 57 species
Pelecanidae: pelicans
Sulidae: gannets and boobies
Phalacrocoracidae: cormorants
Fregatidae: frigatebirds
Anhingidae: Anhinga and darters
Phaethontidae: tropicbirds
Ciconiiformes: all continents; 115 species.
Ardeidae: herons and bitterns
Cochlearidae: Boatbill
Balaenicipitidae: Shoebill
Scopidae: Hammerkop
Ciconiidae: storks
Threskiornithidae: ibises and spoonbills
Phoenicopteridae flamingos
Accipitriformes: worldwide; about 226 species.
Some classifications also include the Falconidae.
Cathartidae: New World vultures and Condors
Pandionidae: Osprey
Accipitridae: hawks, eagles, buzzards and Old World
vultures, harriers, kites, and allies
Sagittaridae: Secretary Bird
Falconiformes: worldwide; 60 species. Sometimes
included in the Accipitriformes.