Index_T

table aliases, 35

ProductCatalog database, 418

tables

see also entities; temporary tables.

altering (see ALTER TABLE command).

constraints, 331

CHECK constraint, 338

foreign key, 23, 331, 358

NOT NULL constraint, 333

primary key, 11, 335

unique constraints, 16, 337

copying, 339

creating (see CREATE TABLE command). data integrity, 11

DEFAULT values, 334

defining relationships between, 16

definition, 8

DROP TABLE command, 331, 332

DUAL table, 349

indexes, 355

INSERT/INSERT INTO statements, 332

InstantUniversity database, 523

junction table, 393

multiple triggers, 377

relationship types, 19

self-joins, 419

temporary tables

DB2, 345

MySQL, 347

Oracle, 343

SQL Server, 342

triggers, 363

temporal data types

see date and time data types.

temporary tables, 342

text data type, 14

MySQL, 535

SQL Server, 532

THEN keyword, 226

time data type

see date and time data types.

TIME keyword, 518

timestamp

inserting rows, 69

timestamp data type

DB2, 535

MySQL, 536

Oracle, 534

TIMESTAMP keyword, 127

tinyblob data type, 535

tinyint data type

MySQL, 535

SQL Server, 532

tinytext data type, 535

TNS descriptor, 502

TO CLIENT cursor option, 237

TOO_MANY_ROWS exception, 256

TOP keyword, 94

including ties (WITH TIES), 96

modifying data with views, 198

ordering rows before sampling, 95

ProductCatalog database, 408, 412, 422

selecting TOP x PERCENT, 95

TO_CHAR function, 134

TO_DAYS function, 131

TO_NCHAR function, 134

TO_NUMBER function, 135

Transact-SQL, 7

transaction isolation levels, 285

concurrency, 295

DB2, 294

deadlocks, 297

isolation, 268

isolation property, 273

MySQL, 294

Oracle, 293

READ COMMITTED, 285, 289

concurrency, 298

data consistency, 289

READ UNCOMMITTED, 285, 287

concurrency, 298

data consistency, 287

read-only transactions, 286

read-write transactions, 286

REPEATABLE READ, 285, 290

concurrency, 298

data consistency, 291

SERIALIZABLE, 285, 292

concurrency, 298

SQL Server, 293

TRANSACTION keyword

see transactions.

transactions, 265

Access, 284

ACID properties, 268

atomicity, 265, 268

autocommit mode, 271

BEGIN command, 272

COMMIT command, 271

Commit Coordinator, 298

concurrency, 285

consistency of, 268

database transactions, 268

DB2, 282

described, 266

distributed transactions, 298

durability of, 268

executing, 270

implicit transactions, 275

isolation levels (see transaction isolation levels).

isolation of, 268

isolation property, 273

locking, 285

log files, 269

MySQL, 283

nested transactions, 282

Oracle, 279

error handling, 280

phantoms, 291

RDBMSs supporting, 269

specific RDBMS examples, 293

read-only, 287

read-write, 287

ROLLBACK command, 267, 270

SAVEPOINT command, 274

savepoints, 270, 274

SQL Server, 275

error handling, 277

starting, 269

two-phase commit, 298

UPDATE statement, 265

transferring data, 13

triggers, 363

Access, 363

AFTER triggers, 364, 365, 367

DB2, 383

Oracle, 375, 376

SQL Server, 368

ALTER TRIGGER command

Oracle, 382

SQL Server, 370, 372, 374

BEFORE triggers, 364, 365

Oracle, 375

SQL Server, 367

conditional triggers

DB2, 385

Oracle example, 378

CREATE TRIGGER command, 365

Oracle, 377

SQL99

syntax, 365

database-level triggers, 376

DB2, 382, 383, 386

DROP TRIGGER command, 365

enabling/disabling

disabling temporarily, 388

Oracle, 382

SQL Server, 375

events, 363

INSTEAD OF triggers, 364, 365

DB2, 382

Oracle, 375

SQL Server, 367

multiple triggers, 377

MySQL, 363

nested triggers, 364

NO CASCASE BEFORE trigger, 382

Oracle, 375, 376, 379

implementing autonumbering, 380

performance, 366

ProductCatalog database, 397, 401

RDBMSs supporting, 363

REFERENCING clause, 382

row-level triggers, 364

DB2, 382

Oracle, 375, 377

schema-level triggers, 376

SHOW ERRORS command, 376

SQL Server, 367, 368, 370, 372

statement-level triggers, 364

DB2, 382

Oracle, 375

SQL Server, 367

stored procedures, 351, 364

TRUNCATE statement, 332, 363

true boolean value, 108

TRUNCATE statement, 80

resetting auto-increment ID, 403

syntax, 332

triggers, 332, 363

two-phase commit transactions, 298

types

see data types.

TYPE_WARNING cursor option, 236